Overview
Ketoconazole is a widely used antifungal medication in veterinary medicine, primarily for treating fungal infections in dogs and cats. It inhibits the growth of fungi by interfering with their cell membranes.
How It Works
Ketoconazole works by blocking the synthesis of ergosterol, an essential component of fungal cell membranes. This action disrupts cell membrane formation, ultimately leading to the death of the fungal cells.
Uses & Indications
Ketoconazole is used to treat a variety of fungal infections, including:
- Dermatophytosis (ringworm)
- Blastomycosis
- Histoplasmosis
Always consult with a veterinarian for a proper diagnosis and treatment plan.
Dosage Guidelines
Dosage should always be determined by a veterinarian.
Dogs
- Small Dogs: 5-10 mg/kg per day
- Medium Dogs: 5-10 mg/kg per day
- Large Dogs: 5-10 mg/kg per day
Cats
- Standard Dosage: 5-10 mg/kg per day
Administration
Ketoconazole is administered orally in the form of tablets.
Frequency
Typically administered once daily, but follow your veterinarian's instructions.
Duration
The duration of treatment can range from several weeks to months, depending on the severity of the infection.
Side Effects
Common
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea
Rare
- Liver toxicity
Severe
- Signs of liver failure (yellowing of the skin or eyes) require immediate veterinary attention.
Precautions & Warnings
- Monitor liver function during treatment.
- Avoid use in animals with liver disease.
Drug Interactions
- Cyclosporine: Can increase blood levels of cyclosporine.
- Antacids: May decrease absorption of ketoconazole.
Storage
Store in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight.
FAQ
What is Ketoconazole used for in pets?
Ketoconazole is used to treat fungal infections such as ringworm and blastomycosis.
Can Ketoconazole be given with food?
Yes, it can be given with food to reduce stomach upset.
How long does it take for Ketoconazole to work?
Improvements can be seen within a few days, but full treatment duration should be completed.
Is Ketoconazole safe for pregnant pets?
Use with caution and only under veterinary guidance.
Can I stop Ketoconazole if my pet feels better?
Do not stop without consulting your vet, as premature discontinuation can lead to recurrence.