Overview
0.9% Sodium chloride, commonly known as normal saline, is a sterile isotonic solution used in veterinary medicine to treat dehydration and maintain fluid and electrolyte balance in animals. Its applications range from rehydration therapy to wound irrigation.
How It Works
Sodium chloride solution works by replenishing fluids and electrolytes lost due to various conditions. It helps maintain osmotic balance and provides essential ions necessary for physiological functions.
Uses & Indications
0.9% Sodium chloride is used for:
- Hydration therapy in dehydrated animals
- Electrolyte balance maintenance
- Wound irrigation to clean and prevent infection
- Vehicle for medications to be administered intravenously
Dosage Guidelines
Dogs
- Small Dogs: 10-20 ml/kg
- Medium Dogs: 20-30 ml/kg
- Large Dogs: 30-40 ml/kg
Cats
- Standard Dosage: 10-20 ml/kg
Note: Dosage may vary based on the condition being treated and should always be determined by a veterinarian.
Administration
0.9% Sodium chloride is primarily administered via injection (IV or subcutaneous) but can also be used topically for wound care.
Side Effects
Common
- Mild swelling at the injection site
- Transient fluid retention
Rare
- Electrolyte imbalance
Severe
- Severe allergic reaction requiring immediate veterinary attention
Precautions & Warnings
- Always use under veterinary supervision.
- Monitor for signs of fluid overload, especially in animals with heart or kidney issues.
- Use with caution in pregnant or nursing animals; consult your veterinarian.
Drug Interactions
0.9% Sodium chloride may interact with certain medications, enhancing sodium levels. Always inform your veterinarian about any other treatments your pet is receiving.
Storage
- Store at room temperature away from sunlight.
- Do not freeze.
FAQ
What is 0.9% Sodium chloride used for in pets?
0.9% Sodium chloride is used for rehydration, maintaining electrolyte balance, and as a vehicle for IV medications in pets.
Can I use saline solution to clean my pet's wound?
Yes, it can be used for wound irrigation to clean and prevent infection.
Is a prescription required for 0.9% Sodium chloride?
No, but it should be used under veterinary guidance.
What are the side effects of saline solution in pets?
Common side effects include mild swelling at the injection site and transient fluid retention.
How should I store saline solution?
Store at room temperature away from sunlight and do not freeze.
Contraindications
- Heart failure
- Kidney disease
Warnings
- Avoid use in animals with known sodium retention issues.
- Monitor fluid balance to avoid overload.